保定电气厂家价格-交流无间隙金属氧化物避雷器

金属氧化物避雷器（Metal Oxide Surge Arrester,简称MOA）因其具有非线性特性好、通流能力大、无串联间隙、体积小、重量轻等优良特性而逐步取代传统的碳化硅避雷器[1]，广泛应用于国内外各电压等级电网中，成为重要的过电压保护设备。但是，因MOA无串联间隙，阀片长期承受工频电压作用而产生劣化，或者避雷器结构不良、密封不严使内部构件和阀片受潮，以及环境污秽导致避雷器损坏，都将引起电阻特性变化，使得流过阀片的泄漏电流增加，电流中阻性分量的急剧增加，会使阀片温度上升发生热崩溃，严重时会引起避雷器爆炸事故[2]。因此监测避雷器在运行中的性能，确保电网的安全稳定运行就显得尤为重要。

Metal Oxide Surge Arrester (Metal Oxide Surge Arrester, earth-sized) because of its excellent nonlinear characteristics, flow ability, no series clearance, excellent characteristics such as small volume, light weight and gradually replace the traditional silicon carbide Arrester [1], is widely applied in the power grid voltage level at home and abroad, become the important over-voltage protection device. But, because of earth-sized series clearance, valve plates under power frequency voltage long-term effect and degradation, or lightning arrester adverse, untight seal structure and valve piece of be affected with damp be affected with damp internal components, as well as the environment polluted cause lightning arrester is damaged, will cause the resistance characteristics of change, make the flow through the valve leakage current increase, in the current impedance component has increased dramatically, can make the thermal collapse in valve temperature rise, serious can cause lightning arrestor explosion [2]. Therefore, it is important to monitor the performance of the lightning arrester in operation and ensure the safe and stable operation of the grid. 

一、避雷器在线监测的意义

The significance of on-line monitoring of arrestor 

1.1 传统检测方法的局限性

The limitations of traditional detection methods 

目前，避雷器预防性试验方法有两种：停电试验和每年雷雨季节前的带电测试。停电试验主要测量避雷器的绝缘电阻、直流1mA下的电压U1mA及75%U1mA下的泄漏电流。虽然这种方法是目前判断避雷器性能好坏最常用的方式，但由于其试验周期长并具有一定的盲目性，仅依靠停电试验对氧化锌避雷器性能作出判断是不够的。

Currently, there are two types of preventative test methods: the power failure test and the electric test before the thunderstorm season. The power failure test mainly measures the insulation resistance of the arrester, the voltage U1mA under 1mA and the leakage current under 75% U1mA. While this approach is the judge arrester performance is the most common way, but as a result of the test cycle is long and has a certain blindness, only rely on the power failure test on performance of zinc oxide lightning arrester is not enough to judge. 

每年雷雨季节前的带电测试，是在运行电压下测试避雷器的全电流以及阻性电流。测试过程中由于距带电设备距离小、试验接线等因素存在一定的危险性。另外，我局主网目前有2个500kV变电站、12个220kV变电站，17个110kV变电站，且分布面积较广，每年雷雨季节前测试一次，工作量大，且由于避雷器劣化是一个渐进的过程，一年仅测试一次，是远远不够的。

The charged test before the thunderstorm season is the full current of the arrester and the resistance current under the operating voltage. Because of the distance from the electric equipment, the test wiring and other factors can be dangerous. In addition, our main currently has two 500 kv substation, 12 220 kv substation, 17, 110 kv substation, and has a wide distribution area, the thunderstorm season before test once a year, volume, and the degradation due to lightning arrester is a gradual process, test only once a year, it is not enough. 

1.2 在线监测的意义

The meaning of online monitoring 

金属氧化物避雷器在运行过程中会逐渐老化，出现一些潜伏性故障，有些事预防性试验难以及时发现的。在线监测MOA的运行状况，可以在不停电的情况下随时了解MOA运行状态，及时发现可能出现的异常情况和事故隐患，采取预防措施，及时进行检修，以防止事故扩大造成经济损失，这对系统的安全运行，合理安排设备检修时间、节约费用等方面都具有很大的优越性。

The metal oxide arrester is ageing in the process of operation, and there are some latent failures, some of which are difficult to detect in time. On-line monitoring earth-sized operation condition, can at any time without power to understand earth-sized running state, timely find anomalies and potential accidents that may occur, take preventive measures, timely maintenance, in order to prevent the accident expanding caused economic losses, the safe operation of the system, reasonable arrangement of equipment maintenance time, cost saving, etc, have great advantages.