电机用避雷器主要是防止感应型工频操作过电压，这种过电压，往往产生在操作过程中，如开关开断时电弧未过零就被开断时会有过电压，回路开断时由于回路波阻抗不同而产生电压反射波叠加的操作过电压等等，这些过电压都是工频过电压，也就是其电压波形的频率还是维持50HZ没变。
The arrester for motor is mainly used to prevent the induced power frequency operation overvoltage, which is often generated in the operation process, such as the overvoltage when the arc is not over zero when the switch is open, the overvoltage when the circuit is open due to the different wave impedance of the circuit, resulting in the superposition of voltage reflection waves, etc., which are all power frequency overvoltage, that is, the voltage waveform The frequency remains unchanged at 50Hz.
配电用避雷器除要防操作过电压外，还要防大气雷击过电压，这种过电压波形前端很陡，频率很高，但后续电流很小，避雷器可以将雷电波的峰值泄放 从而保证其后面的电器安全。
In addition to operating overvoltage, lightning surge arrester for distribution should also be protected against atmospheric lightning overvoltage. The front end of this overvoltage waveform is very steep with high frequency, but the follow-up current is very small. The arrester can discharge the peak value of lightning wave to ensure the electrical safety behind it.
避雷器分为很多种，有金属氧化物避雷器，线路型金属氧化物避雷器，无间隙线路型金属氧化物避雷器，全绝缘复合外套金属氧化物避雷器，可卸式避雷器。
There are many kinds of arresters, including metal oxide arrester, line type metal oxide arrester, gapless line type metal oxide arrester, fully insulated composite coat metal oxide arrester and detachable arrester.
避雷器的主要类型有管型避雷器、阀型避雷器和氧化锌避雷器等。每种类型避雷器的主要工作原理是不同的，但是它们的工作实质是相同的，都是为了保护通信线缆和通信设备不受损害。
The main types of arresters are pipe type arrester, valve type arrester and zinc oxide arrester. The main working principle of each type of arrester is different, but their work is essentially the same, which is to protect the communication cable and communication equipment from damage.