避雷器是过电压限制器，在操作和雷电过电压下需要吸收一定的能量，并保证不损坏。避雷器吸收能量与系统参数、过电压类型、过电压幅值、波形和持续时间有关，需要通过仿真计算确定。
The arrester is an over-voltage limiter, which needs to absorb certain energy under the operation and lightning over-voltage, and ensure no damage. The absorbed energy of arrester is related to system parameters, overvoltage type, overvoltage amplitude, waveform and duration, which need to be determined by simulation calculation.
以特高压交流试验示范工程为例，操作过电压仿真结果表明，在大多数操作过电压下避雷器吸收能量较小，只有当系统发生震荡解列时，避雷器吸收的能量较大，最大吸收能量为27MJ。
Taking the UHV AC test demonstration project as an example, the operating overvoltage simulation results show that under most of the operating overvoltage, the energy absorbed by the arrester is relatively small, only when the system has vibration disconnection, the energy absorbed by the arrester is relatively large, and the maximum energy absorbed is 27mj.