碳化硅避雷器其基本工作元件是叠装于密封瓷套内的火花间隙和碳化硅阀片(电压等级高的避雷器产品具有多节瓷套)。火花间隙的主要作用是平时将阀片与带电导体隔离，在过电压时放电和切断电源供给的续流。
The basic working elements of silicon carbide arrester are spark gap and silicon carbide valve sheet overlapped in sealed ceramic sleeve (arrester products with high voltage level have multiple ceramic sleeves). The main function of spark gap is to isolate the valve disc from the live conductor at ordinary times, discharge and cut off the continuous current supplied by the power supply when overvoltage occurs.
碳化硅避雷器的火花间隙由许多间隙串联组成，放电分散性小，伏秒特性平坦，灭弧性能好。碳化硅阀片是以电工碳化硅为主体，与结合剂混合后，经压形、烧结而成的非线性电阻体，呈圆饼状。
The spark gap of silicon carbide arrester is composed of many gaps in series. The discharge dispersion is small, the volt-second characteristic is flat, and the arc extinguishing performance is good. Silicon carbide valve sheet is a non-linear resistor made of silicon carbide as the main body, mixed with binder, compacted and sintered, which is in the shape of a round cake.