氧化锌避雷器的基本工作原理
The basic working principle of the Zinc Oxide arrester
金属氧化物避雷器又称金属氧化锌避雷器，它是70年代初期出现的新型避雷器，迄今为止，在我国电网中已广泛应用。它与普通阀型避雷器的主要区别在于阀片材料不同，普通阀型避雷器的阀片材料是碳化硅（金刚砂），而金属氧化物避雷器的阀片材料是由半导体氧化锌和其他金属氧化物（如氧化钻、氧化锰等）在高温（1000℃以上）下烧结而成。
Metal oxide arrester, also known as metal Zinc Oxide lightning arrester, is a new type of lightning arrester that appeared in the early 70s. So far, it has been widely used in China's power grid. The main difference between it and the common valve type arrester lies in the different valve material. The valve material of the ordinary valve type lightning arrester is SiC (carborundum), and the valve material of the metal oxide arrester is sintered by the semiconductor Zinc Oxide and other metal oxides (such as the oxide drill, manganese oxide, etc.) at high temperature (above 1000 degrees C). Yes.
氧化锌阀片又称压敏电阻，具有比碳化硅更优良和更理想的非线性电阻特性。在系统运行电压下，它的电阻很大，通过的电流很小，阻性分量仅为10~15uA左右，这样小的电流不会烧坏阀片，因此可以不用串联间隙来隔离工频运行电压;当电压升高时，它的电阻变得很小，可以通过大电流，残压也很低，使设备得到保护，而过电压消失之后，它又恢复原状。
Zinc Oxide valve, also known as varistor, has better and better nonlinear resistance characteristics than silicon carbide. Under the operating voltage of the system, its resistance is very large, the current is very small, the resistive component is only about 10~15uA, so the small current will not burn the valve, so it can not use the series gap to isolate the operation voltage. When the voltage rises, its resistance becomes very small, it can pass the large current and the residual pressure is very low, so that the residual pressure is also very low. It is protected, and after overvoltage disappears, it is restored to its original state.